EARLIER CHILD DISEASE DETECTION
EARLIER CHILD DISEASE
EARLIER CHILD DISEASE DETECTION
A mother must be able to detect disease early and get her child medical help. She’ll easily learn this. She need only remember the signs of health to realize that any deviations indicate disorder, if not disease. She must adapt to these changes.
General Well-being of The Child
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Signs of health include healthy performance of the body’s functions, regular demands for its supply, neither excess nor deficiency, and regular excretions in quantity and appearance.
Observing a healthy infant can teach something. There is no angle in the child’s body; whether the limbs are bent or straight, every line forms a portion of a circle. Unless limbs are bent, joints cannot be felt.
In health, the tongue is white and free of sores, the skin is cool, the eyes are bright, the complexion is clear, the head is cool, the abdomen isn’t protruding, and breathing is regular and easy.
When awake, the infant is cheerful and sprightly and loves to be played with; when asleep, it appears calm, every feature composed, its countenance displaying happiness, and perhaps lit up with a smile.
In proportion to the above appearances, health exists; in proportion to their partial or total absence, disease takes over.
For clarity, we’ll examine disease signs as they appear in the countenance, gestures, sleep, stools, breathing, and cough.
Facial Expression of the Child
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In health, a child’s countenance expresses serenity in mind and body; if the infant is ill, this expression will shift, which may suggest what portion of the system is at issue.
Pain in the head causes constricted brows. This is often the first outward symptom of anything amiss, and will appear at the outset of disease; if observed early and suitable medicines given, it may avert one of the most terrifying infantile ailments, “Water in the Head.”
If this sign is ignored and the above disease threatens, soon the eyes will become fixed and staring, the head hot, and moved uneasily from side to side upon the pillow, or lie heavily upon the nurse’s arm, the child will start in its sleep, grinding its teeth, and awake alarmed and screaming, its face will be flushed, particularly the cheeks (as if rouged), its hands hot, but feet cold, its bowels obstinately costive, or its motions scan
If the lips are parted to display teeth or gums, the pain lies in the belly. This symptom is only present during true agony; if in question, press on the stomach and observe the face’s expression.
If the discomfort is caused by indigestion-related intestinal irritation, it will be transient and the symptom will come and go as the spasm does.
If the disease is more serious and inflammation ensues, this sign will be more constant, and soon the countenance will become pale or sallow and sunken, the child will dread motion and lie on its back with the knees bent up to the belly, the tongue will be loaded, and in breathing, while the chest will heave with more than usual effort, the belly muscles will remain perfectly quiescent.
Bringing the nose up quickly causes chest pain. This sign generally accompanies inflammation of the chest, in which case the countenance will be discolored, the eyes will be staring, and the breathing will be difficult and hurried. If the child’s mode of respiration is observed, the chest will be unmoved while the belly quickly heaves with every inspiration.
Face alterations precede convulsions. Sometimes the top lip looks bluish or ghastly. Then there may be mild squinting or ocular rotation on its own axis, flushing or paling, and rapid liveliness followed by languor.
These indications may be premonitory and, if identified in time, may avoid a seizure.
Always check eyesight. In health, they are clear and bright, but in disease they become dull and give the face a heavy aspect. After continuous irritation, they will take a remarkable rapidity and a pearly brightness that is better observed than described.
Eye direction can also be instructive. When a baby is initially exposed to light, both eyes rarely focus on the same object. This is not a sign of disease and indicates that focusing on one item with both eyes is a learned behavior. When a child’s eyes are habitually focused to the same object and then lose that power, it may be a sign of a brain ailment.
Gestural of The Child
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Healthy children’s gestures are easy and natural, but in sickness they deviate, often indicating the condition.
Suppose that newborn has learned to support itself and hold its head high. Sickness will cause its head to droop, and it will lose this ability until it is well again. During this time, its posture and movements will be languid.
The baby who just learned to run from chair to chair, with two or three teeth pressing on and aggravating the gums, may rest languidly in its cot or on its nurse’s arm.
Drawn-up legs and sobbing indicate gastrointestinal trouble and pain. This portion hurts when pressed. By their sick nature, bowel secretions support your suspicions about the disorder’s source.
In health, a child’s hands are rarely above its mouth, but if it’s in pain, they’re continually elevated to the head and face.
Sudden waking and sleeping should never be ignored, even for trivial reasons. It’s linked to brain disorders. If the child’s thumb is brought in and crushed against the palm, with the fingers so compressed on it, a convulsive fit may be imminent. Toes may also be swollen, and foot and wrist may be bent downward.
Other lesser indicators of convulsions are gestures such as a rigidly drawn back head, arm, or leg. These signs, as well as those listed above, are confirmed beyond all doubt if there are alterations in the child’s usual habits: if the sleep is disturbed, if there are frequent fits of crying, great peevishness of temper, the countenance alternately flushed and pale, sudden animation followed by a fit of languor, catchings of the breath followed by a long and deep inspiration.
Sleep-related Issues
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A healthy baby sleeps quietly, calmly, and restfully. In early infancy, when not at the breast, it sleeps in its cot; and although it sleeps less as the months approach, when the hour for rest arrives, the infant falls into a quiet, tranquil slumber.
Unless sick. Often, it refuses to be put in its cot, so the nurse must hold it; it sleeps briefly and restlessly.
If it suffers pain, however slight, the countenance will indicate it. As when awake, if something is wrong with the head, the eye-brow will contract and the teeth will grind; if something is wrong with the belly, the lips will be drawn apart, showing the teeth or gums, and there will be great restlessness and frequent starting.
Stool-related Issues
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Newborn motions are dark and seem like pitch. First milk from the mother’s breast acts as an aperient on the infant’s bowels and is eliminated in four-and-a-half hours.
From this time on, and throughout infancy, the feces will be light yellow, the consistency of thin mustard, odorless, smooth, lump-free, and passed without pain or wind. As long as the youngster is healthy, it will have two to four evacuations per day. As it ages, they will become less frequent, darker, and more substantial, but not like an adult’s.
Any variation from the above characters is a sign of something amiss; and as a disturbed bowel state is often the first sign of disease, the nurse should daily check the evacuations. Appearance, color, and discharge method are key. Unnatural feces are curdled, liquid, green, dark, or smelly. In a healthy infant, the motion is passed with little wind, as if squeezed out, but in sickness, it is flung out with substantial power, indicating irritation. It’s crucial to note the amount of stools passed in four-and-a-half hours in case the child doesn’t get its usual comfort (and it must not be forgotten that children, although in perfect health, differ as to the precise number,)
Coughing and Breathing
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A healthy youngster breathes evenly, regularly, inaudibly, and without effort. If the airways or lungs become inflamed, the inspiration will become so fast and rushed, and perhaps audible, that the situation is immediately apparent.
All variations in breathing from healthy standards, however modest, should be noted early. Many chest ailments, though severe, can be arrested if caught early by a doctor; otherwise, they may be beyond art’s control. A mom should become familiar with her child’s healthy breathing to spot any changes.
When a youngster has a cold, hoarseness, and a cough, be suspicious and seek medical advice. Hoarseness does not frequently accompany a normal cold in children, and these symptoms may be premonitory of “croup,” a sickness that progresses too quickly and requires immediate and decisive treatment due to the importance of the affected parts.
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