NMC Past Questions on Paediatrics, Obstetric, Anatomy and Physiology

NMC Past Questions on Paediatrics, Obstetric, Anatomy and Physiology

1. When examining a 2-year old child with an otoscope the nurse should
A) hold just the head and arms
B) hold the head straight
C) pull the pinna down and back
D) Pull the pinna up and back

2. Nursing care for a 7-year-old girl admitted with tetanus should be primarily direction towards
A) careful monitoring of urinary output
B) decreasing external stimuli
C) encouraging high intake of fluid
D) Giving adequate diet

3. Esther, 4years is rushed to the emergency ward convulsing, with the skin very hot to touch. What immediate step would you take to reduce the temperature?
A) Give her 5mls paracetamol syrup
B) Take the axillary temperature
C) Reassure the mother
D) Tepid sponge the child

4. When teaching an adolescent with Type I diabetes about dietary management the nurses should instruct him to
A) Always carry a concentrated form of glucose
B) Eat all meals at home
C) Let parent prepare food separately for him
D) Weigh all food on a gram scale

5. Adolescent girl suffering from cancer is on antineoplastic drugs. The side effect of these drugs that requires early preparation of the patient is
A) alopecia
B) constipation
C) generalized short-term paralysis
D) Retarded growth in height

6. An essential nursing action when caring for a small child with severe diarrhoea and vomiting is to
A) check weight daily
B) encourage oral fluids intake
C) keep body temperature below 38oC
D) Replace lose calories

7. During the teenage years, the nutrition focus emphasizes
A) fat intake
B) prevention of drug abuse
C) prevention of obesity
D) Self and body image

8. A 7-year-old boy has a fractured femur. He is put in P.O.P cast and is being discharged. What is the most important advice that the nurse must teach about the boy’s care?
A) Cast should be kept clean
B) Cast should not be touched for at least 12 hours
C) Circulation must be watched closely
D) Pain should be assessed every 4 hours

9. A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the kids ward with suspected right sided pneumonia. The appropriate position for the child would be
A) head of bed elevated 10o
B) in a prone position
C) in supine position
D) Turned on the right side

10. A one –year-old girl is admitted to the ward diagnosed with dysentery. On discharge, what is the most important information the nurse must impart to the mother?
A) As soon as the child has diarrhoea place her on NPO for 8 hours
B) Do not wait for so long the next time before you bring the child to the hospital
C) Observe good hygiene to reduce faeco-oral spread
D) Start with anti-diarrhoea medication before bringing the child to hospital

11. The purpose of traction for children with fracture is to
A) Make the bone grow faster
B) Prepare the area for surgery
C) Prevent future fractures
D) Realign bone fragments

12. To promote absorption of an iron supplement it should be administered
A) During meal
B) Immediately before meals
C) Two hours after meals with orange juice
D) Two hours after meals with milk

13. The side effects of oral iron therapy include
I. Blackened stools
II. Darkened teeth
III. Darkening of the skin
IV. Gastric irritation
A) I, II and III
B) I, II and IV
C) II, III and IV
D) I, II, III and IV

14. A child with lymphatic leukaemia has a very low platelets count. An appropriate nursing intervention would be to
A) discourage active play to avoid getting hurt
B) Encourage a high fibre diet
C) Keep the child isolated to avoid infection
D) Provided frequent rest periods

15. What signs and symptom would you expect in a 3-year old girl diagnosed to diabetes mellitus?
A) Bed-wetting, increased thirst, hunger, weight gain
B) Bed-wetting, lethargy, poor appetite, weight loss
C) Increased hunger, thirst, weight gain
D) Weight loss, bed-wetting, lower leg cramping

16. Nursing care that helps to prevent sickle cell crisis is
A) careful observation of all vital signs
B) high iron, low fat, high-protein diet
C) limitation of activity
D) Protection from infection

17. A 6-year-old girl is admitted sickle cell crisis. Priority nursing concerns would be
A) Hydration and pain management
B) Nutrition and antibiotics
C) Nutrition and hydration
D) Pain management and antibiotics

18. The nurse would explain to a mother whose child has been given tetanus toxoid the injection will confer
A) Life-long active natural immunity
B) Life-long passive immunity
C) Long-lasting active immunity
D) Temporary passive natural immunity

19. A common finding on most children with cardiac abnormalities
A) A family history of cardiac abnormalities
B) Cyanosis and clubbing of finger tips
C) Delayed physical growth
D) Mental retardation

20. When administering IV fluids to a dehydrated infant the most critical factor confronting the nurse is the
A) Assurance of sterility
B) Calculation of fluid volume to be infused
C) Maintenance of the fluid at body temperature
D) Maintenance of the prescribed rate of flow

21. Before administering a tube feeding to an infant the nurse should
A) Irrigate the tube with water
B) Place the baby in the recumbent position
C) Provide the baby with a pacifier
D) Slowly instil 10ml of formula

22. An 18months girl on admission with severe asthmatic attack is put on prednisolone 15mg b.i.d. the nurse should
A) Check the child’s oesinophils count daily
B) Ensure the child rests as much as possible
C) Keep the child NPO except for medication
D) Prevent exposing the child to infection

23. The primary task to be accomplished by an infant between 12 and 15 months of age is to learn to
A) Climb stairs
B) Say simple words
C) Use a spoon
D) Walk erect

24. Which of the following will make you suspect that a child with measles is developing bronchopneumonia?
A) Increased pulse rate
B) Increased respiration
C) Redness of eyes
D) Wheezing

25. Growth and development of the infant is influenced by
I. Environment
II. Heredity
III. Nutrition
IV. Religion
A) I and II
B) II and IV
C) I, III and IV
D) I, II and III

26. Which of the under listed drugs will you get ready for use when a child is brought to the emergency room with convulsion?
A) Ampicillin
B) Chloroquine
C) Hydrocortisone
D) Phenobarbital

27. How would you reduce anxiety in a child on admission?
A) Changing nurses daily
B) Confining child to bed
C) Involving parents in the care
D) Seeing familiar faces daily
A) I and II
B) I and III
C) III and IV
D) I, II and III

28. Who should sign the consent form of an 11-year old boy for operation
A) Parents after explanation
B) Relative of the child
C) Sister in charge
D) The child after careful explanation

29. The most influential factor negatively affect the health status of children is
A) Chronic illness
B) Family predisposition to illness
C) Poverty
D) Prematurity

30. The mouth of an infant who has thrush will be managed by
I. Administration of nystatin suspension
II. Brushing the teeth
III. Gently removing the white patches
IV. Saline swabbing of mouth
A) I and IV
B) II and III
C) I, II and III
D) II, III and IV

31. What action would a nurse take when a child refuses to take his medication?
A) Coax or plead with him to take it
B) Let him see other children taking their medication
C) Tell him that you will give him an injection
D) Urge him to take it to make him well

32. Which of the following is an early complication of meningitis?
A) Cerebral oedema
B) Deafness
C) Hydrocephalus
D) Paralysis

33. The clinical manifestations of a child with marasmus include
I. Good appetite
II. Miserable looking
III. Oedema
IV. Wasting
A) I and II
B) I, II and IV
C) I, III and IV
D) II and IV

34. An 8-year old boy on admission with sickle cell crisis is for discharge. The education you would give to the child and parents should include
I. Ensuring that prescribed drugs are taken daily
II. Sleeping at least 14 hours a day
III. Taking balanced diet
IV. Taking plenty of nourishing fluids
A) I and II
B) I, II and III
C) II, III and IV
D) I, III and IV

35. Factors contributing to normal growth before and after birth include
I. Nutrition
II. Sex hormones
III. Trophic hormones
IV. Weight of mother
A) I and II
B) I, II and III
C) I and III
D) I, II and IV

36. Which of the following sets of symptoms will suggest that a child is suffering from meningitis?
A) Fever, headache, vomiting, opisthotonus
B) Fever, headache, trismus, opisthotonus
C) Fever, headache, trismus, spasms
D) Photophobia, trimus, headache, opisthotonus

37. What is the immediate priority in the nursing care of a 6-year-old child admitted with pneumonia?
A) Elimination
B) Exercise
C) Nutrition
D) Rest

38. A mother of 6 months old child wants to know what foods are introduced first. The answer would be
A) Cereal an soft boiled egg for breakfast
B) Milled rice, cereal and mashed fruits
C) Meat, fish then add fruits and vegetables
D) Sweets such as fruits and vegetable

39. What care would you give to a baby undergoing phototherapy?
I. Ensure adequate fluid intake
II. Ensure maximum skin exposure
III. Maintain the baby’s temperature
IV. Protect the eyes from light
A) I, II and III
B) I, II and IV
C) I, III and IV
D) I, II, III and IV

40. In nursing an unconscious child your objective is to
I. Ensure the child is safe and comfortable
II. Maintain hydration, nutrition and excretion
III. Prevent complications
IV. Stimulate the child
A) I, II and III
B) I, II and IV
C) I, III and IV
D) I, II, III and IV