NMC Past Questions on Paediatrics, Obstetric, Anatomy and Physiology Set 4

NMC Past Questions on Paediatrics, Obstetric, Anatomy and Physiology Set 4

131. A viral disease that affects the motor cells of the anterior horn of the spinal cord is
A) Chicken pox
B) Herpes zoster
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Poliomyelitis

132. Administering high concentrations of oxygen to premature babies may cause retrolental fibroplasia with
A) Blindness
B) bronchiolitis
C) Deafness
D) Sterile meningitis

133. Children with Fallot’s tetralogy often squats when dyspnoeic because squatting
A) Allows maximal chest expansion and oxygenation
B) Delays venous return to the heart
C) Increases the production of red blood cells
D) Increases venous return to the hear

134. Before introducing a tube feeding to a baby the nurse should
A) Irrigate the tube with water
B) Place the baby in the Trendelenburg position
C) Provide the baby with pacifier
D) Slowly instil 10mls of formula

135. A 2-year-old on admission with severe bronchial asthma is on prednisone 15mg bd. The nurse should
A) Check the child’s eosinophil count
B) Give the child nothing by mouth
C) Let the child rest as much as possible
D) Prevent exposing the child to infection

136. The primary indication of prednisone in the treatment of leukaemia in children is that it
A) Decrease inflammation
B) Increases appetite and sense of well being
C) Reduces irradiation oedema
D) Suppresses mitosis in lymphocyte

137. Tetracycline is contraindicated in children under 8 years and pregnant women because it may cause
A) Changes in the bone structure of children and pregnant women
B) Lower erythrocytes production
C) Persistent vomiting in children under 8 years
D) Tooth enamel defects in children under 8 years and foetus

138. A 3-year-old wets the bed during sleep. The nurse should
A) Change his bed and put rubber sheet on it
B) Change his bed clothes and make no issue of it
C) Explain to him that big boys should try to call the nurse
D) Tell him to help remake the bed

139. The most important complication of mumps in male children is
A) Bronchopneumonia
B) Diphtheria
C) Renal disorders
D) Sterility

140. A 4-year-old girl being admitted for surgery is crying and pulling her mother’s dress while clutching a baby doll. The nurse should say;
A) “Hello, little girl, let me show you to your bed”
B) “Hello, my name is sister Andy, let’s go to your room, then we can play”
C) “Hi, I know you are afraid. Is this your special baby doll”?
D) “Oh, come on, stop crying. Nobody will hurt you”

141. A child sitting on a chair in the playroom suddenly begins to have tonic-clonic seizure with clenched jaw. The nurse should immediately
A) Attempt to open the jaw and insert a gag
B) Call for an assistant
C) Lower the child to the floor
D) Place a large pillow under the head

142. Nursing care for an infant after the surgical repair of cleft lip should include
A) Giving the baby nothing by mouth
B) Keeping the infant from crying
C) Placing the infant in a semi-siting position
D) Spoon feeding for the first 2 days after surgery

143. Thirty six hours after delivery a new born has not passed meconium and Hirschsprung’s disease in suspected. To help relieve the obstruction and confirm the diagnosis the doctor will order.
A) insertion of a rectal tube p.r.n
B) multiple saline enemas
C) passing of nasogastric tube
D) Surgical intervention

144. A 5-month old infant has diarrhoea and is on IV fluids. The rate of flow must be observed often by the nurse to
A) Avoid IV infiltration
B) Prevent cardiac overload
C) Prevent air from entering the tube
D) Replace all fluid lost

145. Of primary importance when planning for the discharge of a child admitted of sickle cells crisis is the child’s need for
A) A high calorie diet
B) At least 14 hours of sleep per day
C) Drinking copious fluid daily
D) Taking iron mixtures daily

146. When a child vomiting continuously the nurse should observe for signs of
A) Acidosis
B) Alkalosis
C) Hypokalaemia
D) Tetany

147. The difference between cephal haematoma and caput succedaneum is that with caput succedaneum the
A) Affected area will be tender
B) Scalp over the swelling becomes ecchymosis
C) Swelling crosses the suture line
D) Swelling increased within 24 hours

148. A preterm neonate is admitted to the NICU with muscle twitching, shrill cry, cyanosis and abnormal respiration. This infant may have
A) Intracranial haemorrhage
B) Neonatal tetanus
C) Spinal bifida
D) Tetany

149. The following are findings needed to diagnose hookworm infestation EXCEPT
A) Anaemia
B) Ova of hookworm in the stool
C) Pus in the stool
D) Positive occult blood test of stool

150. When examining a new-born the nurse identifies a swelling on the baby’s scalp. Which of the following assessment would indicate the swelling is cephalhaematoma?
A) Diffuse discoloration over the entire scalp
B) Ecchymotic area over the affected eye
C) Swelling confined to a single skull bone
D) Usually wide suture line

151. An 8-year old girl has Type I diabetes. The nurse understands that Type I diabetes
A) Begins more rapidly than adult-onset diabetes
B) Does not always require insulin
C) Involves early vascular changes
D) Occurs more often in obese children

152. The nurse teaches a mother that she can best help her toddler learn to control his behaviour by
A) Allowing the child to learn by mistakes
B) Punishing the child for misbehaviour
C) Rewarding good behaviour
D) Setting limit and being consistent

153. Koplik’s spot is a diagnosis of which of the following infectious disease?
A) Chicken pox
B) Diphtheria
C) Herpes zoster
D) Measles

154. Which of these observations would confirm that a 3-year-old child is developmentally delayed? The child will be unable to
A) Balance on one foot
B) Catch a ball
C) Copy a square
D) Use a spoon effectively

155. A child test positive for tuberculosis during screening. This indicates
A) A depressed immune system
B) An active tuberculosis infection
C) Previous exposure of the acid-fast bacilli
D) That tuberculosis infection is imminent

156. A 4 hour old baby’s cheek was touched and she turns toward the stimulus and opens her mouth. This reflex is called
A) Babinsky
B) Moro
C) Rooting
D) Sucking

157. One characteristic of second-degree burns is that
A) Blisters cover the entire burns
B) The child will not feel pain
C) The tissues will be white in colour
D) The tissues will turn bright red

158. All children with burns should receive a tetanus booster immunization if they have not received a booster in the last
A) 2 years
B) 4 years
C) 5 years
D) 7 years

159. A 6-year-old boy is to have an injection and the mother tells the nurse not to tell him about it as he fears injection. The nurse should say
A) “Alright, but I have to give him the injection anyway”
B) “Do you want the doctor to tell the boy about it”
C) “If we want the boy to trust us we must tell him the truth”
D) “Why don’t we tell his father to tell him about the injection”

160. The cerebrospinal fluid examination results that would suggest bacterial meningitis are/is
A) Clear CSF
B) High glucose, low protein
C) High protein, low glucose
D) No red blood cells seen