NMC Past Questions on Medicine and Medical Nursing Set 4

NMC Past Questions on Medicine and Medical Nursing Set 4

150. Thrombocytopenia in a patient makes him or her prone to:
a. Infection
b. Somnolence
c. Anaemia
d. Bleeding

151. The following are clinical manifestations of Addison’s disease EXCEPT:
A. Darkening of scars
B. Hirsutism
C. Hypoglycaemia
D. Hypotension

152. In haemoglobin S patients, the amino acid, valine is substituted with:
a. Monosodium glutamate
b. Ferrous sulphate
c. Glutamic acid
d. Hydrochloric acid

153. Haemolysis of abnormal haemoglobin is enhanced by:
A. Absence of oxygen
B. Flexibility of red cells
C. Presence of molecules
D. Solubility of red cells

154. Normal haemoglobin is:
A. More flexible than abnormal ones
B. Less flexible than abnormal ones
C. Rigid and easily damaged
D. Flexible and easily damaged

155. The emergency care of a patient with aplastic anaemia include the following except:
A. Admission of the patient
B. Control of bleeding
C. Taking of blood specimen
D. Monitoring of oxygen replacement

156. Erythrodermia (homme rouge) occurs in:
A. Lymphocytic leukemia
B. Haemophilia
C. Pernicious anaemia
D. Aplastic anaemia

157. The following factors enhanced the absorption of iron from the gut except:
A. Vitamin C
B. Gastric acidity
C. Moderate alcohol consumption
D. Achlorhydria

158. Another name for hypercapnia is:
A. Hypernopxia
B. Hypercarbia
C. Hyperdypsia
D. Hyperdyspnoea

159. In severe hyperthyroidism, the increased utilization of oxygen is due to:
A. Rapid rate of absorption
B. Rapid rate of metabolism
C. Decrease rate of utilization of carbon dioxide
D. Severe break down of blood cells

160. What is the initial action the nurse should take after realizing that the peripheral intravenous site dressing is wet?
A. Stop infusion immediately and notify the physician
B. Check that the tubing is securely attached
C. Increase the intravenous flow rate to assess for further leaking
D. Remove the plaster and discontinue the infusion

161. A clinical syndrome characterized by choking and suffocating chest pain is described as:
A. Nocturnal dyspnoea
B. Angina pectoris
C. Cardiac asthma
D. Myocardial infarction

162. Among male patients receiving antihypertensive drugs the commonest side effect the nurse should discuss with the client and his wife is:
A. Nausea and dizziness
B. Sudden fall in blood pressure
C. Impotence
D. Dizziness

163. Which of the following is a beta-blocker?
A. Glyceryl trinitrate
B. Propranolol
C. Nifedipine
D. Heparin

164. The action of aspirin is to:
A. Decrease platelet aggregation
B. Dilate coronary and peripheral vessels
C. Resists the conduction of neurons activities
D. Decrease heart rate with increase formation of thrombosis

165. In a patient with a stone lodged in the cystic duct, the nurse observes for:
A. A colicky pain after a fatty meal
B. A painful defaecation
C. A frequent passage of watery stools
D. A prolonged constipation

166. After serving a sublingual nitroglycerin, the nurse must ensure that client has which of the following most important items within easy reach:
A. Vomit bowl
B. Tissue
C. Call bell
D. Moist cloth

167. Calcium channel blockers act on blood vessels to:
A. Decrease the preload
B. Dilate coronary and peripheral vessels
C. Increase thrombosis formation
D. Decrease the force of contraction

168. Prior to abdominal paracentesis for a client with ascites, the first action of the nurse is:
A. Take the client’s temperature every quarter hourly
B. Make sure the bladder is empty
C. Measure the weight of the client
D. Put the client in a Fowler’s position

169. In nursing a client who has a potential for haemorrhage, the nurse’s goal include the following except:
A. Absence of all subjective and objective signs of gastrointestinal, vascular and soft tissue haemorrhage
B. Early detection of bleeding
C. Observing client’s vital signs at frequent interval
D. Serving clients with iron-rich foods

170. In a client with a diabetic coma, the nurse must observe patient for:
A. The presence of sugar content in the urine
B. Abnormal increase blood glucose
C. Polydypsia
D. Polyphagia

171. Which of the following drugs is often prescribed to relief pain of leukemic patient:
A. Metformin
B. Cyclophosphamide
C. Morphine
D. Doxorubicin

172. In a patient diagnosed with leukemia, the leucocyte count usually:
A. Rises above normal range
B. Is within normal range
C. Is below normal range
D. Is difficult to be determined

173. Before a nurse serves digoxin to a client, she should:
A. Check the pulse rate
B. Check the blood pressure
C. Check the urine output
D. Check the respiratory rate

174. In teaching a patient and family to administer insulin at home, the nurse:
A. Demonstrate the action of insulin to only the patient
B. Demonstrate how to take other prescribed drugs
C. Demonstrate the ability to prepare a syringe with insulin solution
D. Demonstrate the action of oral drugs

175. When cold compress is applied to the skin the superficial blood vessels constrict and this may:
A. Help to check capillary flow and relieve anxiety
B. Help to increase blood flow and relieve anxiety
C. Help to check capillary bleeding and relieve pain
D. Help to increase blood supply and relieve pain

176. When a heat compress is applied to the skin, it causes:
A. Dilatation of the blood vessels and increase circulation
B. Constriction of the veins and increase circulation
C. Constriction of the blood vessels and decrease circulation
D. Constriction of the arteries and reduce circulation

177. Nurses do not have the responsibility for determining drug dosage for their patients but they:
A. Do so in the absence of the physician
B. Do need to be aware of the normal doses of drugs
C. Prescribe emergency drugs
D. Only serve drugs

178. The most widely used method of administering drugs is:
A. Rectal administration
B. Parenteral administration
C. Oral administration
D. Nasal inhalation

179. The reasons for intramuscular injection include the following except:
A. When quicker absorption is required than from subcutaneous route
B. When the drug would be irritating to superficial tissues
C. When the volume is so large as to preclude the use of other route
D. When administering antibiotics

180. Before nurses lift a patient, there should be:
A. The presence a relative
B. Adequate space around the bed
C. Two chairs placed back-to-back
D. A scale for weighing the patient

181. When a patient complains of fear, the nurse must understand that:
A. The patient’s mental anguish works against a physical recovery
B. One day the patient will accept his condition
C. The patient will identify himself with others suffering from similar condition
D. It is unusual to experience fear

182. Breast milk production requires sufficient output of the:
A. Pituitary hormone
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Adrenal glands
D. Alveolar cell around the nipples

183. Chronic bronchitis co-exists with emphysema when there is:
A. Decrease number of alveoli with increase demand of oxygen
B. Enlargement of alveoli with destruction of their walls
C. Over-secretion of mucus and increase expectoration of mucus
D. Dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles

184. Status asthmaticus is defined as:
A. A chronic asthma that is often treated with drugs
B. A slowly but progressive asthma that is relieved by repositioning of the patient
C. A period when the patient has regain health after an attack
D. A severe asthma that has not responded to patient’s normal

185. The inflammation of the mucosa lining the upper respiratory tract following respiratory tract infection is called:
A. Chronic bronchitis
B. Laryngitis
C. Sinusitis
D. Lobar pneumonia

186. The nursing care for a patient suffering from pneumonia does NOT include:
A. Tepid sponging
B. Ensuring a high fluid intake of preferred drinks
C. Isolating the bacteria that caused the infection
D. Control of pain to ensure comfort

187. The type of tubercle bacilli that affect man is/are:
A. Bovine strains only
B. Bovine strains and human strains
C. Human strains only
D. Neither human nor bovine strains

188. The factors that may influence the development of tuberculosis include the following except:
A. People living alone on good diet
B. Vagrant alcoholics
C. Immigrants with low natural resistance
D. People who have immune suppression

189. Leukemia is classified according to:
A. The blood group the individual belongs to
B. The type of cells that proliferate
C. The type of blood group and cells that are easily destroyed
D. The cells that are involved and their inability to multiply

190. When a patient is taking a course of sulphonamides, the nurse should…………
A. Advice patient to drink more fluids
B. Advice patient to avoid eating fatty foods
C. Check blood pressure twice daily
D. Check pulse rate and rhythm twice daily

191. A patient with cardiac disease who has been in pains for some days was admitted at the female medical ward. Upon assessment, she was diagnosed as having coronary thrombosis. Such pain caused by coronary thrombosis is primarily by………
A. Arterial spasm
B. Blocking of the coronary veins
C. Irritation of nerve endings in the cardiac plexus
D. Ischaemia of the cardiac muscles

196. During dietary care of a patient with nephrotic syndrome, the nurse is expected to:
A. Restrict the patient from taking protein
B. Design a diet to replace the protein lost in the urine
C. Add more sodium to patient’s meals
D. Allow to take oral fluids liberally

197. Tetanus bacilli enter the body through:
A. The oral cavity
B. The oral route
C. The site of the wound
D. Where there is a dead tissue

198. Injection of anti-tetanus toxoid produces in the body:
A. Inactive resistance
B. Passive resistance
C. Active resistance
D. Unnatural resistance

199. Snellen’s chart is used to test:
A. The weight of new born babies
B. The hearing acuity of a person
C. The visual acuity of a person
D. The height of new born babies

200. A cataract occurs when:
A. There is opacity of the lens
B. There is a rise in intra-ocular pressure
C. There is a decrease in intra ocular pressure
D. The lens in the eye allows light to pass through it