NMC Past Questions on Medicine and Medical Nursing Set 7

NMC Past Questions on Medicine and Medical Nursing Set 7

301. The nurse is transfusing red blood cells to a client who begins to develop shortness of breath, rales respiration and hypertension. The nurse should document that the client is experiencing the signs of:
A. A transfusion reaction
B. Anaphylactic shock
C. Fluid overload
D. Sepsis

302. The client is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia and is in protective isolation. His wife comes to visit. She asks the nurse if she has to put on a mask before visiting him. The nurse should recommend that the woman:
A. Put the mask on before entering the room
B. Speak to her husband from the doorway but not enter the room even with a mask
C. Does not put on the mask if she is not comfortable
D. Put on a mask and change it frequently while in the room

303. Collection of pus in the pleural cavity is known as:
A. Pneumothorax
B. Emphysema
C. Empyema
D. Pulmonary embolism

304. The mother of a four-year-old child with leukemia was admitted to the ward. Which of the following responses would indicate to the nurse that the client’s mother understands the prognosis?
A. She’s lost so much weight
B. I want to transfer her to another hospital
C. When does the next course of chemotherapy begin?
D. Will hospice help us care for her?

305. A low-protein diet has been prescribed for a client. Which of these foods, if selected by the client, indicates to the nurse his/her understanding of the diet?
A. Eggs, toast and hot chocolate
B. Refined beans, corn and cola
C. Apple sauce, potato and orange juice
D. Few slices of baked chicken, chicken, chick peas and milk

306. Fresh frozen plasma is normally transfused to patients with:
A. Haemophilia
B. Sickle cell crisis
C. G6PD
D. Leukopenia

307. The nurse is assessing a client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following symptoms can the nurse expect to find?
A. Coldness in the calf
B. Decreased body temperature
C. Extremity heaviness
D. Anorexia

308. The pressure of air in the thoracic cavity must be ……………. to ensure lung inflation:
A. Negative
B. Positive
C. High
D. Low

309. In planning for the care of the client who is experiencing bleeding gums and haematuria, the nurse would expect to see which of the following laboratory values?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Decreased prothrombin time
C. Decreased white blood cells
D. Decreased platelet count

310. The Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus affects about …………….. of all cases:
A. 50-60%
B. 70-80%
C. 80-85%
D. 90-95%

311. The thyroid gland produces the following hormones except:
A. Calcitonin
B. Cortisol
C. Thyroxine
D. Triiodothyronine

312. The principal signs of gout do not include:
A. Excruciating pain
B. Swollen joint
C. Frequent discharges
D. Difficulty in movement

313. The common infectious agent that causes osteomyelitis include:
A. Salmonella typhi
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Clostridium welchii
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

314. The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes:
A. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
B. Progesterone and oxytocin
C. Aldosterone and oestrogen
D. Cortisol and calcitonin

315. The immediate diagnostic test a nurse can conduct on a patient suffering from diabetes later in a day is:
A. Urea and creatinine
B. Fasting blood sugar
C. Blood nitrogen level
D. Random blood sugar

316. The varicella virus is:
A. Waterborne
B. Found in soil
C. Airborne
D. Food borne

317. Herpes simplex virus I commonly affects the:
A. Intestines
B. Lips
C. Genitals
D. Trunk

318. The major viruses that cause nasal catarrh include the following except:
A. Retrovirus
B. Rhinovirus
C. Adenovirus
D. Enterovirus

319. In teaching a patient suffering from rhinitis, the nurse must:
A. Inform patient to eat more spicy food
B. Drink more fluids
C. Eat late in the night
D. Reduce the amount of fat in the diet

320. The best means to control influenza is:
A. Immunization
B. Use of antibiotics
C. Use of analgesics
D. Combination of analgesics and vitamins

321. The common causes of hypoglycemia in diabetes mellitus are present if the patient:
A. Takes in more food than necessary
B. Does not tolerate the prescribed drugs
C. Takes overdose of antidiabetic drugs
D. Takes more fruit drinks

322. In caring for a diabetic patient, the nurse must change the infusion of normal saline to dextrose when the blood glucose level is:
A. 13 mmol/L or less
B. 13 mmol/L or more
C. 15 mmol/L or more
D. 15 mmol/L or less

323. In the pre-ulcerative stage of Buruli ulcer, the common feature does not include:
A. Firm nodule
B. Painless plaque
C. Non-pitting of the part
D. Enlarged and firm liver

324. In caring for a patient suffering from acute renal failure, the nurse is to:
A. Serve fluids liberally
B. Avoid serving energy foods
C. Inform patient to adhere to his previous lifestyle
D. Observe for signs of infection

325. In polycythemia, the patient often:
A. Complains of nausea
B. Presents with bruises
C. Complains of night blindness
D. Presents with rashes on the trunk

326. Another name for spurious polycythemia is:
A. Reactive polycythemia
B. Stress polycythemia
C. Plummer Vinson syndrome
D. Addison’s disease

327. Leukemias are a group of diseases in which there is excessive production of:
A. Normal red cells
B. Immature erythrocytes
C. Immature leukocytes
D. Increased number of platelets

328. The final stage of chronic nephritis is characterize by:
A. Fear of death
B. Increased plasma urea
C. Slight malaise
D. Presence of oedema

329. A reduction of calcium levels in the blood usually results from:
A. Defective vitamin D metabolism
B. Exposure to radiology
C. Increased consumption of protein-rich foods
D. Increased consumption of lead

330. Complications of renal failure include the following except:
A. Severe hypertension
B. Congestive heart failure
C. Cardiac hypertrophy
D. Defective production of enzymes

331. The common drug treatment of leukemia does not include:
A. Cytarabine
B. Chlorambucil
C. Vincristine
D. Ferritin

332. In gouty arthritis, the normal range of plasma level of uric acid is:
A. 0.018–52 mmol/L
B. 0.81–82 mmol/L
C. 0.18–0.42 mmol/L
D. 0.80–0.32 mmol/L

333. In nephritic syndrome, the urine is reduced in volume and characteristically contains large amounts of:
A. Proteins
B. Ions
C. Urea
D. Nitrogen

334. The causative organism of leprosy is called:
A. Mycobacterium liprae
B. Mycobacterium leprae
C. Mycobacterium leprosies
D. Mycotuberculous leprae

335. Another name for acute glomerulonephritis is:
A. Galstock disease
B. Down’s syndrome
C. Plummer Vinson syndrome
D. Bright’s disease

336. In osteoporosis, fractures commonly occur in the:
A. Long bones
B. Flat bones
C. Short bones
D. Cranium

337. The female factors affecting infertility do not include:
A. The use of prolactin-secreting inhibitors
B. Ovulatory disorders
C. Tubal dysfunction
D. Pelvic inflammatory disease

338. The adrenal cortex secretes:
A. Thyroxine and cortisol
B. Oestrogen and cortisol
C. Aldosterone and cortisol
D. Oxytocin and cortisol

339. The blood vessels entering the Bowman’s capsule are called:
A. Arterioles
B. Venules
C. Afferent arterioles
D. Efferent arterioles

340. The structures that deliver urine into the bladder are called:
A. Ureters
B. Urethras
C. Calyces
D. Hilum

341. The small masses of crystals formed in the joints of patients suffering from gout are called:
A. Typhi
B. Tophi
C. Salates
D. Uric acid

342. In dietary control of a patient diagnosed of gout, the nurse must instruct the patient to:
A. Avoid liver, kidney and sardines
B. Avoid liver, and fish alone
C. Avoid fish and eggs
D. Avoid meat and green vegetables

343. Factors that inhibit sperm motility include:
I. Highly viscous ejaculate only
II. Alcohol and other drugs
III. Smoking and altitude
IV. Smoking, highly viscous ejaculate and raised scrotal temperature
A. I and III
B. I only
C. II and IV
D. III and IV

344. The hormone that is commonly associated with osteoporosis is:
A. Progesterone
B. Prolactin
C. Oxytocin
D. Oestrogen

345. In osteoporosis, the risk of fracture increases among:
A. The children
B. The adolescents
C. The elderly
D. The infants

346. Gout is associated with poor metabolism and excretion of uric acid and foods rich in:
A. Salts
B. Purines
C. Lipids
D. Cholesterol

347. Polycythemia is commonly associated with the production of:
A. Erythropoietin
B. Prolactin
C. Ferritin
D. Oxytocin

348. The raised cell count that occurs in polycythemia results in:
A. Haemodilution
B. Hypoviscosity
C. Hypercellularity
D. Hypocellularity

349. The commonest diagnostic measure for Buruli ulcer is:
A. ECG
B. Bone biopsy
C. BUN
D. AFB

350. In nephritic syndrome, the nurse’s responsibility is primarily focused on:
A. Prescription of drugs
B. The need to use dialysis
C. Control measures
D. Assist in diagnosis